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Coherence Journal


About The Journal


Coherence (ISSN: 0976-5301) is a multidisciplinary peer reviewed refereed research journal dedicated to promoting high-quality academic research and intellectual discourse across diverse disciplines. The journal provides a dynamic platform for researchers, academicians, scholars, professionals, and practitioners to publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and innovative insights that contribute to the advancement of knowledge and interdisciplinary understanding.

Published by National Press Associates, Coherence aims to foster academic excellence, critical thinking, and global research collaboration by encouraging scholarly contributions from fields including management, commerce, social sciences, humanities, education, science, technology, law, and allied disciplines. The journal upholds rigorous editorial and peer review standards to ensure the publication of impactful, ethical, and quality research with national and international relevance.

  • The Journal is Published By "National Press Associates"
  • Publisher Website: www.npajournals.org
  • Journal Name: COHERENCE
  • ISSN: 0976-5301
  • Journal Impact Factor: 7.85
  • Journal Starting Year: 2010
  • Peer Review Process: Double Blind Peer Review Process
  • Low Article Processing Charges
  • Frequency of Publication: Biannual (2 Issues Per Year)
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The journal invites submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence, and will publish:

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Authors are requested to submit only original research papers/articles that are free from plagiarism and comply with the journal's originality requirements, including adherence to the journal's policy on AI-generated content where applicable. Authors are solely responsible for ensuring the authenticity, originality, and ethical integrity of their manuscripts before submission. The journal, its editorial board, and the publisher shall not be held responsible for any academic, legal, or professional consequences arising after publication due to plagiarism, copyright infringement, unethical practices, or violations of institutional or regulatory policies by the authors.

The Editorial Board and Publisher reserve the right to reject, retract, or remove any manuscript found to violate the journal's publication ethics or originality requirements, either before or after publication.

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Current Issue

Year: 2026   Vol-17, Issue no. 1 ( SPECIAL ISSUE - JUNE 2026 )

Paper Title SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Author Name Varadaraja .S
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22161031
Page No. 1-5

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN INDIA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Author: Varadaraja .S

ABSTRACT
The capacity of tourism to generate employment and boost economic growth has been particularly vital for rural regions, where a significant portion of the global impoverished population resides and where alternative development opportunities are frequently limited. However, like any economic sector, tourism presents specific challenges and responsibilities that need to be managed for sustainable growth. Similar to all economic sectors, if tourism growth is not adequately planned and managed, it poses specific risks and challenges to the surrounding environment. There is ample evidence that poorly managed tourism development can adversely affect the natural and cultural resources that originally draw tourists. Tourism must hence consider how to align the requirements of current travelers and host populations while safeguarding and improving prospects for the future: the sustainability challenge. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) characterizes sustainable tourism as “tour

Paper Title ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE LEVEL OF BUSINESS RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTS OF SELECTED LISTED AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES IN INDIA
Author Name Harini M , Rechanna
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22161089
Page No. 6-14

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE LEVEL OF BUSINESS RESPONSIBILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTS OF SELECTED LISTED AUTOMOBILE COMPANIES IN INDIA
Author: Harini M , Rechanna

ABSTRACT
Due to the increasing environmental and social concerns worldwide, there has been a major shift in the reporting standards. As part of its efforts to improve the Environment Social and Governance (ESG) disclosures, new criteria for sustainability reporting were introduced by SEBI. These reporting criteria which were to be followed by the Top - 1000 publicly listed companies, were termed as BRSR (Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting). This paper aims to investigate environmental, social and governance reporting compliance of selected two wheeler manufacturing listed automobile companies in India. This paper aims to study background and introduction of BRSR, understand the contents of business responsibility and sustainability reports of listed automobile companies in India. analyse which selected two wheeler manufacturing listed automobile companies are adhering more to the Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting framework. This study used secondar

Paper Title INDIAN STARTUP ECOSYSTEM: DRIVERS, CHALLENGES AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Author Name Shilpa S
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22161139
Page No. 15-29

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
INDIAN STARTUP ECOSYSTEM: DRIVERS, CHALLENGES AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Author: Shilpa S

ABSTRACT
The Indian startup ecosystem has emerged as an important driver of entrepreneurship, innovation and economic development. Over the past decade, India has witnessed significant growth in the number of startups across diverse sectors such as FinTech, e-commerce, HealthTech, EdTech and Agritech. The growth of digital infrastructure, technological advancement, increasing internet penetration and availability of venture capital have contributed to this expansion.
Government initiatives and institutional support have also played a significant role in creating a favourable environment for startups. Startups contribute to economic development through employment generation, innovation, investment mobilisation and the creation of new products and services. However, Indian startups face several challenges, including limited access to finance, regulatory complexities, intense competition, talent shortages and difficulties in achieving sustainable growth. This article examines the major

Paper Title CAPITAL MARKET TRENDS IN INDIA: A VIEW
Author Name Srinivasa. K.R.
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22161186
Page No. 30-33

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
CAPITAL MARKET TRENDS IN INDIA: A VIEW
Author: Srinivasa. K.R.

ABSTRACT
Capital market in any country plays a pivotal role in the growth of economy and meeting country’s socio economic goals. They are an important constituent of the financial system, given their role in the financial intermediation process and capital formation of the country. The importance of the capital market cannot be underemphasized for developing economy like India which needs significant amount of capital for the development of strong infrastructure. The entire paper is divided into three parts. In the first part we have discussed the conceptual framework of the capital market and in the next section; we have focused on the trends in the capital market in India. In the third section, we have discussed various issues and challenges of the capital market in India.

Paper Title POVERTY AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIETY : A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
Author Name Suresha. C
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22225704
Page No. 34-40

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
POVERTY AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIETY : A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
Author: Suresha. C

ABSTRACT
Sociologically, poverty isn't just a lack of money, it's a multidimensional issue creating social exclusion, health crises like malnutrition and disease, poor education, and crime, while perpetuating inequality across generations. It fosters powerlessness, limits potential, and creates social tension by depriving individuals of basic needs and opportunities, impacting health, family stability, and social participation, often requiring systemic changes to address root causes like unequal resource distribution and capitalist structures.

Keywords : introduction, objectives of the study, Methodology, causes of poverty, Social impact of poverty, Findings, Suggestions, Conclusion.

Paper Title IMPACT OF SHGS ON WOMEN AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF SAVASIHALLI VILLAGE, HASSAN DISTRICT
Author Name P Manjula
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22226297
Page No. 41-47

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
IMPACT OF SHGS ON WOMEN AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF SAVASIHALLI VILLAGE, HASSAN DISTRICT
Author: P Manjula

The study titled “Impact of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) on Women and Rural Development: A Case Study of Savasihalli Village, Hassan District” explores the role of SHGs in promoting women’s empowerment and rural development. Based on primary data from 50 SHG members collected through structured interviews, the study analyzes their socio-economic status and participation in income-generating and community activities. The findings show that SHGs have enhanced women’s financial independence, confidence, leadership, and decision-making abilities. They have also contributed to improved living standards, reduction of social barriers, and greater participation of women in family and community affairs. Empowered women have become active contributors to rural progress, strengthening the local economy and social fabric. Despite these positive outcomes, the study identifies areas requiring further attention, such as education, awareness, and inclusion of marginalized groups. It recommends expanding tr

Paper Title INVESTORS PERCEPTION ON SAVING SCHEMES OF POST OFFICE: A CASE STUDY IN BANGALORE DISTRICT
Author Name Hanumanthaiah .M
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22226667
Page No. 48-61

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
INVESTORS PERCEPTION ON SAVING SCHEMES OF POST OFFICE: A CASE STUDY IN BANGALORE DISTRICT
Author: Hanumanthaiah .M

The post office is universally recognized as a facilitator of communication. It has been backbone of country’s socio-economic development. Indian Post Office Savings Bank being the largest savings institutions in the country play a vital role in mobilizing savings especially in the rural part of the country and offer numerous benefits to the investors. Post office small saving schemes once hailed as people's movement are losing sheen for the rural household.. Post office has become a big business Icon in corporate world. It touches the lives of Indian citizen in many ways; Delivering mail, E-post, E-billing, Retail post, Media post, Mutual Fund, Western Money Transfer, Business post, Express Post, accepting deposit under small saving scheme, providing life insurance and Rural Postal Life Insurance and providing retail services like bill collection, sale of forms etc. The Department of post also act as agent for Government of India in discharging other services for citizens. It is neces

Paper Title URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA - ON OVERVIEW
Author Name Gule Ariffa
Country India
Page No. 62-72

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA - ON OVERVIEW
Author: Gule Ariffa

In today’s world online marketing has changed a lot. Now marketing is not about traditional methods and limited to just informing the people about the availability of the product and inducing them to purchase. It is about how businesses connect with people. There has been significant change in the way businesses communicate with consumers today, because of the advancements in technology, internet accessibility and AI which has given rise to an integrated online marketing ecosystem. This study looks at how AI driven components of this ecosystem like social media, online reviews, influencer marketing and personalized advertisements affect how people buy things. Primary data was collected from 50 respondents using a structured questionnaire asking about their buying habits. Study reveals that online reviews have the major impact on what people buy while Social media and personalized advertisements also play significant role. Influencers have some impact not much but they contribute indire

Paper Title AI-ASSISTED QSPR ANALYSIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DRUGS USING THE VL TOPOLOGICAL INDEX
Author Name Bharathi Shettahalli Nagaraje Urs
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21238178
Page No. 52-59

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
AI-ASSISTED QSPR ANALYSIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DRUGS USING THE VL TOPOLOGICAL INDEX
Author: Bharathi Shettahalli Nagaraje Urs

ABSTRACT:
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-supported computational methods play an important role in modern scientific research by helping researchers analyse molecular data and predict physio-chemical properties efficiently. In the present work, a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study of ten rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drugs was performed using the VL topological index and its transformed forms, namely √(VL(G) ), [VL(G)]², 1/VL(G), and 1/√(VL(G) ) . The study investigates the relationship between these descriptors and selected physio-chemical properties, including molar volume (MV), polarity (P), refractive index (RI), complexity (C), boiling point (BP), and enthalpy (E). Correlation analysis revealed that VL(G), √(VL(G) ), and [VL(G)]² exhibited strong positive associations with MV, P, RI, and C, whereas inverse descriptors showed negative correlations with the same properties. Among the descriptors, √(VL(G) )showed the strongest correlations with MV (r = 0.8645), P (

Paper Title A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Author Name Bharathi. Y. H
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21238338
Page No. 60-68

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Author: Bharathi. Y. H

ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a vast array of computational algorithms that enable machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. In scientific and technological research, these algorithms serve as a unified toolkit for tasks such as data analysis, modeling, simulations, and decision-making. By harnessing computer power and data-driven methods, AI facilitates the examination of intricate systems, automation, and a rise in innovation. This paper extensively reviews the evolution and uses of AI in fundamental scientific fields. Furthermore, it spotlights emerging research trends in science that incorporate AI techniques. The objective of this research is to provide guidance on utilizing AI approaches in scientific and technological research to better comprehend the state-of-the-art developments.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Scientific Research, Technological Innovation, Automation, Data-Driven Discovery.

Paper Title ETHICAL AI AND CONSUMER TRUST PARADOX: ENHANCING ORGANIC FOOD BRANDING IN KARNATAKA
Author Name Bhavya C , Harisha N.
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21238618
Page No. 69-78

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
ETHICAL AI AND CONSUMER TRUST PARADOX: ENHANCING ORGANIC FOOD BRANDING IN KARNATAKA
Author: Bhavya C , Harisha N.

ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most dynamic and influential forces shaping the global economy, moving beyond basic digital work to become a strategic partner in "Enterprise Intelligence 5.0" (Magsi et al., 2026). In Karnataka, a leader in India’s organic farming, the state has established itself as an organic powerhouse with approximately 1.2 lakh hectares of land under certified cultivation (KSDA, 2025). This study examines how organic food brands in Karnataka can utilize ethical AI to foster authentic consumer trust, positioning technology as a strategic partner designed to enhance information transparency and supply chain reliability (Wang, 2026). The paper aims to analyze the challenges of "greenwashing" and the "AI Trust Paradox," where consumer trust significantly diminishes if an AI interface appears overly anthropomorphized or intrusive (Nie et al., 2026). By synthesizing reports and secondary data from 2021 to 2026 with a focus on Bengaluru, Mysuru, Mandy

Paper Title IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON EDUCATION
Author Name Boregowda S B
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21238711
Page No. 79-84

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON EDUCATION
Author: Boregowda S B

ABSTRACT:
While no one knows how AI will shape the future, we can all agree on one thing: AI is one of the most important technologies in the world today that is already at work in our everyday lives, influencing everything from online dating to our shopping habits. But how will this technology affect work in the future? What will be the result? A permanent class of people who can not find work because their jobs have been automated? An economy where super-intelligent computers compete to one day take over the planet? What is happening to people, how do we transform and adapt our education systems to be consistent with the digital age? According to research, by the mid-2030s, one third of all employees will be exposed to the risk of being automated, and the labor force segment most likely to be affected is people with a low level of education (Vimal 2022). Education can change everything in the sense that human reasoning will continue to be necessary, at least at every level and in a

Paper Title THE WORKING OF UNESCO IN PROTECTING ETHICAL VALUES IN AI
Author Name Chandraprabha G V , Supriyaa
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21238991
Page No. 85-92

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
THE WORKING OF UNESCO IN PROTECTING ETHICAL VALUES IN AI
Author: Chandraprabha G V , Supriyaa

ABSTRACT:
The dynamic position of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in global landscape spheres including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, education, defence and more made it essential in upgrading the technology into it. But maintaining ethical values emphasizing the need for robust ethical frameworks and proactive strategies to mitigate biases and ensure equitable outcomes. In this view, this paper attempts to study the detailed working of UNESCO in protecting the ethical values in areas such as health and social well-being, education and research, communication and information, economy and labour, culture, environment and ecosystem, gender development and international cooperation, data policy, ethical governance and more. Paper also concentrates on the policy recommendation with Indian context where how the AI risk based analysis and legal reviews are taken and operationalising the ethical AI in India, where it also includes Central and state coordination with respect to strengthening th

Paper Title ETHICAL AI IN TEACHING & RESEARCH
Author Name Channamma. M
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21239164
Page No. 93-98

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
ETHICAL AI IN TEACHING & RESEARCH
Author: Channamma. M

ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming education systems across the globe, including India. From automated grading systems to personalized learning platforms, AI has become an integral part of teaching, learning, and research. However, the rapid adoption of AI also raises significant ethical concerns such as data privacy, bias, academic integrity, and over-dependence on technology. This research paper focuses on developing a human-centered ethical framework for the use of AI in education, pedagogy, and research methodology.
The study highlights how AI can enhance learning outcomes when used responsibly. It examines the ethical principles of transparency, accountability, fairness, inclusivity, and data protection in the context of educational institutions. Special attention is given to the Indian higher education ecosystem, where digital transformation is growing rapidly through initiatives like NEP 2020 and Digital India.
This paper adopts a qualitative and conceptual

Paper Title THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO LABOUR STUDIES
Author Name Chethana S.B
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21239353
Page No. 99-103

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO LABOUR STUDIES
Author: Chethana S.B

ABSTRACT:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the global labour landscape by reshaping the nature, organization, and regulation of work. This article presents a critical analysis of AI technology through its application to labour studies, demonstrating its diverse impact on employment patterns, workforce capabilities, workplace efficiency, and industrial relations. The research demonstrates that AI-based automation systems create employment opportunities in advanced technological roles while they simultaneously eliminate jobs from standard work and entry-level positions. The dual impact of this phenomenon has led to fundamental alterations in work environments, resulting in two distinct patterns of work: skill-based categorization and continuous workforce development.
The article investigates how AI affects organizational productivity and employee efficiency because AI organizational processes and decision-making abilities lead to improved productivity, but create ad

Paper Title THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON SOCIAL INEQUALITY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Author Name Chikkaraju C
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21239537
Page No. 104-108

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON SOCIAL INEQUALITY: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Author: Chikkaraju C

ABSTRACT:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming economies and societies, reshaping how resources, opportunities, and power are distributed. This paper examines the impact of AI on social inequality, highlighting both the challenges and opportunities it presents. On one hand, AI systems can exacerbate existing inequalities through job displacement, particularly among low- and middle-skilled workers, and through algorithmic bias that may reinforce discrimination in areas such as hiring, lending, and law enforcement. Additionally, unequal access to digital infrastructure and data resources further widens the gap between advantaged and marginalized populations.
On the other hand, AI also offers significant potential to reduce inequality by improving access to essential services, including healthcare, education, and public welfare. AI-driven tools can enhance decision-making, optimize resource allocation, and support inclusive development when designed and implemented respo

Paper Title RESPONSIBLE AI PRACTICES IN DIGITAL MARKETING: ETHICAL ISSUES, CONSUMER PRIVACY AND TRUST
Author Name Dakshayini B S , Kavitha Yadav S K
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21239672
Page No. 109-120

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
RESPONSIBLE AI PRACTICES IN DIGITAL MARKETING: ETHICAL ISSUES, CONSUMER PRIVACY AND TRUST
Author: Dakshayini B S , Kavitha Yadav S K

ABSTRACT:
The role of artificial intelligence in digital marketing and consumer data analytics for personalized advertising, predictive analysis and automated customer engagement has become integral. The increasing use of marketing systems driven by AI may be advantageous but also raises ethical concerns regarding privacy, transparency, data misuse and consumer manipulation. This research paper will look into the ethical issues surrounding the utilization of AI in digital marketing. The researcher selected 250 respondents using the convenience sampling method for conducting the study among consumers in Bengaluru. The objectives of the study are to determine the ethical issues concerning unethical AI-driven digital marketing practices; to investigate consumer perceptions with regard to privacy and transparency in AI-based marketing systems; to evaluate the impact of responsible AI practices on consumer trust and satisfaction. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnai

Paper Title A STUDY ON GENDER EQUALITY IN INDIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Author Name Balasubramanya P. S.
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21508722
Page No. 121-124

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
A STUDY ON GENDER EQUALITY IN INDIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Author: Balasubramanya P. S.

ABSTRACT
This paper examines Gender Equality in India and the European Union with various indicators. Women in India have faced many difficulties since ancient times. They had lived as an oppressed class in society. Nevertheless, after independence, in India, the status of women regained its strength in almost all types of economic activities and in active politics. Nonetheless, women’s participation in decision-making positions is the biggest challenge today. On the other hand, in the European Union, Gender equality has been practiced since the inclusion of Article 119 on equal pay in the Treaty of Rome 1957. However, has since widened to the recognition of equality between women and men as a fundamental principle of democracy for the whole European Union. In the European Union, gender equality is present in gender-specific policies and informs the basic principles and functioning of the EU institutions. In India, Panchayati Raj Institutions promote good governance. In this direction

Paper Title A STUDY ON BASIC OBJECTIVES AND VALUES OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
Author Name Dhanunjaya M B
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21508909
Page No. 125-131

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
A STUDY ON BASIC OBJECTIVES AND VALUES OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
Author: Dhanunjaya M B

ABSTRACT
The constitutional values are reflected in the entire Constitution of India, Its Preamble embodies ‘the fundamental values and the philosophy on which the Constitution is based. These are: sovereignty, socialism, secularism, democracy, republican character, justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, human dignity and the unity and integrity of the Nation. The values of the Constitution of India, What is Constitution of India? It is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into force on 26th January, 1950. And what is values? principles or standards of behaviour; one's judgement of what is important in life and ultimate values is govern to life of Individual.

Keywords: Sovereignty, socialism, secularism, democracy, republican character, justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, human dig

Paper Title ELECTRONIC VEHICLES IN PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY
Author Name Divya B.S
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21509033
Page No. 132-141

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
ELECTRONIC VEHICLES IN PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MYSORE CITY
Author: Divya B.S

ABSTRACT
The automobile sector is a main contributor to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions due to the increasing dependence on fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a sustainable solution that helps reduce emissions, improve air quality and promote energy-efficient transportation. The present research examines the role of electric vehicles in promoting environmental sustainability with special reference to Mysore City. The research is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from 120 respondents through a structured questionnaire and secondary data were obtained from research journals, books, government reports and official websites. The collected data and the perception of customers were interpreted by using simple percentage analysis and diagrams.
The findings reveal that environmental awareness, rising fuel prices, and government incentives positively influence the adoption of electric vehicles by resp

Paper Title A STUDY ON ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE HOYSALA PERIOD
Author Name Gangadhara
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21509132
Page No. 142-148

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
A STUDY ON ART AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE HOYSALA PERIOD
Author: Gangadhara

ABSTRACT
India is a land of temples and mosques. The Silk Road that runs through the country did not bring just silks, spices, ivory, and other goods, but also an exchange of ideas and peoples, which enriched India's cultural heritage and is reflected in many of the structures they built. The Hoysala Empire arose in southwestern India during the medieval period. One of the things that the empire is known for is its architecture.

Keywords: Hoysala, Art, Architecture, Literature, Vishnuvardhana , Halebid, Belur

Paper Title IMPACT OF ASSET QUALITY REVIEW ON NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN INDIAN BANKING SECTOR
Author Name Harsha B D
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21509214
Page No. 149-159

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
IMPACT OF ASSET QUALITY REVIEW ON NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN INDIAN BANKING SECTOR
Author: Harsha B D

ABSTRACT
Banking is considered as the life blood of all country’s economy. Any issue relating to the banking sector may favourably or adversely affect the economy. An efficient, effective banking sector can play an important role in ensuring rapid growth in countless sectors of the economy and is key requirement for a country. Banking sector Playing vital role and it is one of the most active sectors in Indian economy. They accepting deposits from individuals and provide loans to individuals and institutions. They encourage capital formation and investment in new enterprises and offer essential financial resources for development. In this procedure banks are prone to risk of loss due to the uncertainties of counterparty. This loss of assets and non-payment of loan rise in Non-Performing Asset, this may affect on productivity and quality assets in financial statements of banking system. High levels of Non-Performing Assets deteriorate the financial stability of banks, reducing their ca

Paper Title IMPACT OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION ON CORRECTING SOCIETAL VICES AND ENHANCING SOCIAL VALUES AMONG YOUTH – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT
Author Name Nagendrakumar P. M.
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21509312
Page No. 160-170

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
IMPACT OF SOCIAL STUDIES EDUCATION ON CORRECTING SOCIETAL VICES AND ENHANCING SOCIAL VALUES AMONG YOUTH – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT
Author: Nagendrakumar P. M.

ABSTRACT
This study examines the role of Social Studies Education in correcting societal vices and improving social values among youth. The study is based on primary data collected from 50 students in Chamarajanagara district using a structured questionnaire. Social Studies learning was measured through indicators such as civic knowledge, awareness of social issues, cultural awareness, critical thinking on social problems, participation in social activities, understanding of government policies, and moral and ethical learning. The correction of societal vices and improvement of social values among youth were assessed through indicators including awareness of social evils, avoidance of antisocial behaviour, respect for law and order, responsible social behaviour, ethical decision-making, reduction of harmful habits, and promotion of social harmony. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. The results reveal a significant posit

Paper Title THE HISTORY OF BEGINNING AND EXPANSION OF MYSORE MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
Author Name Prakash N
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21529269
Page No. 171-175

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
THE HISTORY OF BEGINNING AND EXPANSION OF MYSORE MUNICIPAL CORPORATION
Author: Prakash N

ABSTRACT
An attempt is made in this paper is to analyse the history of origin and development of Mysore Municipal Corporation. The Mysore City Municipal Corporation came into being on 10th June, 1977 to manage manifold civic affairs of the people of Mysore City. Within a short span of its existence as a corporation, it has performed its functions satisfactorily despite several limitations and obstacles. However, it has been bogged down by financial stringency, functional overloading and restricted autonomy coupled with public apathy. It is also used by power mongers for personal and political benefits. It has not yet attained adulthood even today and has failed to fulfil the aspirations of the people. The image of the municipal corporation in the public mind has been that of inefficiency, maladministration, and general stagnation. A detailed analysis and study of Mysore City Municipal Corporation in the proceeding chapters has substantiated this view.The present study unravels that th

Paper Title AN EVALUATION OF LABOUR WELFARE MEASURES FOR WOMEN COFFEE PLANTATION WORKERS IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Author Name RUKHIYAT , THIPPESH K
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21509508
Page No. 176-187

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
AN EVALUATION OF LABOUR WELFARE MEASURES FOR WOMEN COFFEE PLANTATION WORKERS IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Author: RUKHIYAT , THIPPESH K

ABSTRACT
Women labourers constitute a significant portion of the workforce in coffee plantations and play an important role in activities such as coffee picking, weeding, pruning, and processing. Despite their crucial contribution, women workers often face various socio-economic challenges including low wages, lack of job security, limited access to welfare facilities, and inadequate awareness of labour rights. In this context, the present study examines the socio-economic profile, working conditions, and labour welfare measures available to women coffee plantation workers in Kodagu District. The study also evaluates the implementation of welfare policies and programmes supported by the Coffee Board of India and other institutional mechanisms aimed at improving the well-being of plantation labourers. The research is based on primary data collected from 60 women workers through a structured questionnaire. The study analyses socio-demographic characteristics, occupational profile, awar

Paper Title AN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER ADOPTION OF DIGITAL PAYMENT SYSTEMS: A PRIMARY STUDY AMONG URBAN AND RURAL CONSUMERS IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Author Name Sunitha M.M
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21529177
Page No. 187-195

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AN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER ADOPTION OF DIGITAL PAYMENT SYSTEMS: A PRIMARY STUDY AMONG URBAN AND RURAL CONSUMERS IN KODAGU DISTRICT
Author: Sunitha M.M

ABSTRACT
The rapid growth of digital payment systems has transformed the financial landscape by providing consumers with secure, convenient, and efficient alternatives to cash-based transactions. The present study examines the adoption of digital payment systems among urban and rural consumers in Kodagu District, Karnataka, with the objective of identifying whether a significant difference exists in adoption levels between the two groups. A descriptive and analytical research design was adopted, and data were obtained from an illustrative synthetic dataset comprising 60 respondents, including 30 urban and 30 rural consumers. Digital payment adoption was measured using indicators such as frequency of usage, preference for digital payments, usage intensity, continuance intention, recommendation intention, and dependence on digital payment systems. Descriptive statistics and the Independent Samples t-test were employed to analyze the data. The mean adoption score of urban consumers (M =

Paper Title GROWTH DYNAMICS OF THE INDIAN CAPITAL MARKET IN THE POST-REFORM ERA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Author Name Farhana Anjum
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21837347
Page No. 196-205

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
GROWTH DYNAMICS OF THE INDIAN CAPITAL MARKET IN THE POST-REFORM ERA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Author: Farhana Anjum

ABSTRACT
The capital market is the backbone of a country’s economy, as it facilitates the mobilization of long-term financial resources and supports economic growth, particularly industrial development. After independence, the Government of India established several financial institutions such as IFCI, ICICI, UTI, SFCs, SIDCs, and IDBI to promote industrialization and strengthen the financial system. The establishment of OTCEI, mutual funds, venture capital funds, and later the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in 1992 played a significant role in improving transparency, investor protection, and the overall efficiency of the capital market. The liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991 and the entry of Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) further accelerated the growth and integration of the Indian securities market with global financial markets. The present study examines the trends and developments in the Indian capital market with special reference to private place

Paper Title IMPACT OF MINOR IRRIGATION ON MARKETABLE SURPLUS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE: A STUDY OF SMALL AND MARGINAL MINORITY FARMERS IN DAVANGERE DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Author Name Nizamuddin
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21837405
Page No. 206-210

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IMPACT OF MINOR IRRIGATION ON MARKETABLE SURPLUS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE: A STUDY OF SMALL AND MARGINAL MINORITY FARMERS IN DAVANGERE DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Author: Nizamuddin

ABSTRACT
Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood in Davangere district, Karnataka, where irrigation plays a vital role in enhancing agricultural productivity and commercialization. This study examines the impact of minor irrigation facilities provided under the Ganga Kalyana Scheme of the Karnataka Minorities Development Corporation Limited on the marketable surplus of small and marginal farmers belonging to minority communities. The study is based on primary data collected from 200 farmers selected through simple random sampling from five villages of Davangere taluk, comprising 100 beneficiary (irrigated) and 100 non-beneficiary (unirrigated) farmers. Marketable surplus was estimated as the difference between total production and household consumption, and comparative percentage analysis was employed to assess the impact of irrigation across farm categories and crop groups. The findings reveal that irrigated farms generated a significantly higher marketable surplus (84.11%) t

Paper Title UNDERSTANDING LITERATURE THROUGH DIGITAL AIDS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Author Name H.P. Suma
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21837475
Page No. 211-214

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UNDERSTANDING LITERATURE THROUGH DIGITAL AIDS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Author: H.P. Suma

ABSTRACT
The invention of digital technology has largely reshaped the conditions under which literary texts are read, taught, and interpreted. The present article examines how tools drawn from the digital humanities and artificial intelligence are reshaping literary understanding without displacing the interpretive work of the human reader. The major tools drawn are text-mining and corpus-analysis software, digital archives and hypertext editions, and large language models capable of generating and summarising prose. Drawing on scholarship in digital humanities, postcolonial studies, and pedagogy, the article argues for a complementary model in which computational methods extend the reach of close reading rather than substitute for it. Particular attention is paid to the implications of these technologies for the study of Indian English and regional-language literatures, where digitisation and machine translation are beginning to open long-marginalised texts to wider scholarly att

Paper Title ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN KARNATAKA
Author Name SURESHA.AL
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21837509
Page No. 215-217

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN KARNATAKA
Author: SURESHA.AL

ABSTRACT
Climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing global challenges, with significant economic, social, and environmental consequences. Karnataka, owing to its diverse climatic zones, is particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures, erratic monsoons, recurring droughts, floods, and extreme weather events. These climatic disturbances have adversely affected agriculture, water resources, energy production, health outcomes, and overall economic growth.
This study examines the economics of climate change in Karnataka by analysing impacts, policy responses, adaptation challenges, and long-term sustainability implications. Using secondary data, case studies, and empirical findings from government and academic sources, this report identifies key problems, their economic dimensions, and suggests policy interventions for resilience-building.

Paper Title INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS
Author Name G. Mallesha
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21930189
Page No. 218-227

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS
Author: G. Mallesha

ABSTRACT
Information Technology (IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data often in the context of a business or other enterprise. The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several industries are associated with information technology, including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, e-commerce and computer services. Many companies now have IT departments for managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. IT jobs include computer programming, network administration, computer engineering, Web development, technical support, and many other related occupations. Since we live in the "information age," information technology has become a part of our everyday lives. That means the term "IT," already h

Paper Title A TREND ANALYSIS ON AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE IN SOUTHERN STATES OF INDIA
Author Name Kurnal.D.C.
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22077113
Page No. 228-232

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A TREND ANALYSIS ON AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE IN SOUTHERN STATES OF INDIA
Author: Kurnal.D.C.

ABSTRACT
Agriculture has played a crucial role in the economic growth of any nation. Productivity is a key factor that influences the earnings and profitability of agriculture. It is probably also accurate in the instance of rice. This study employed secondary data along with descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as ANOVA and Scheffe tests. It has been observed that the rice cultivation area has considerably expanded in Karnataka, followed by Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, while the area of rice cultivation in Kerala remains unchanged. It has been shown that the rice cultivation area is considerably larger in AP and smaller in Kerala. Rice production has seen a notable rise solely in Karnataka, while other Southern states have experienced no change in their rice output. It has been discovered that rice production is considerably greater in AP and lower in Kerala. Rice productivity has risen substantially in Karnataka, while it has declined solely in AP, and during this

Paper Title POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DRY LAND FARMING IN INDIA
Author Name Doddegowda .K.R , K. Shivachithappa
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22077152
Page No. 233-239

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DRY LAND FARMING IN INDIA
Author: Doddegowda .K.R , K. Shivachithappa

ABSTRACT
Dry land farming in Karnataka contributes significantly to the state’s agricultural output, especially in coarse cereals, pulses, and oilseeds, which form the backbone of rural food and nutrition systems. However, water scarcity remains a critical limitation. High evapotranspiration, low soil moisture retention, and extensive runoff due to undulating terrain contribute to soil erosion and nutrient loss. Even in regions receiving higher annual rainfall, irregular rainfall patterns often result in moisture stress and drinking water shortages. Such uncertainties lead to high yield fluctuations, recurrent crop failures, increased indebtedness, and reduced risk-bearing capacity among small and marginal farmers.

Keywords : Agriculture, Dryland, Land farming, Land Crops

Paper Title A STUDY ON THE PROGRAMMES AND POLICY MEASURES FOR CHILD WELFARE
Author Name Jayaramaiah .G.M
Country India
DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22077176
Page No. 240-242

Abstract View PDF Download Certificate
A STUDY ON THE PROGRAMMES AND POLICY MEASURES FOR CHILD WELFARE
Author: Jayaramaiah .G.M

ABSTRACT
This research article examines the scope, implementation, and gaps within national and international policies and welfare programmes dedicated to safeguarding child rights, preventing exploitation, and promoting holistic child development. It evaluates key legislative measures and developmental frameworks to determine how effectively they address modern vulnerabilities.

Keywords : Child protection, Child welfare, Child rights, Social security

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